1970 Oldsmobile Cutlass
General Motors’ push to get into the compact market was spearheaded by Chevrolet with the Corvair Z-body in 1960. In 1961, Oldsmobile got their own compact with the Y-body, which shared similar tooling to the Z-body. Olds shared the Y-body with both Pontiac (Tempest, LeMans) and Buick (Special, Skylark), with some major differences. While the Corvair was a rear-engine platform, and the Pontiac Tempest was a front engine/rear transaxle configuration with a rubber composite driveshaft, the Oldsmobile Cutlass was a conventional layout with a V8 engine up front and live axle rear end. For 1961 there were only two models, a 4-door sedan and station wagon. Late in the model year a 2-door sedan and 2-door coupe were added to the Cutlass line. Then in 1962 a 2-door hardtop and convertible joined the line. Moderately restyled for 1963, an all-new Cutlass based on the GM 115-inch wheelbase intermediate A-body platform was the big news for 1964. While the first gen Cutlass was unibody construction, the 1964 had a separate frame. The “442” high performance version of the Cutlass also debuted this year in response to Pontiac’s GTO. The numbers stood for “4-barrel carburetor/4-speed transmission/dual (2) exhaust.”
Modest Cutlass facelifts marked the remainder of the 2nd gen’s life, before the all-new corporate A-body platform was released in 1968. Larger engines and a general performance image were pushed by Olds, while still maintaining the high style luxury of the standard Cutlass line. The Hurst/Olds (H/O) 442 performance package was also introduced this year.
For 1973 a new larger, corporate A-body eliminated hardtops in anticipation of federal roll-over safety mandates. The new “Colonnade” body featured a semi-fastback top that rolled into a sloping trunk. Federally mandated five-mph front bumpers looked a bit like afterthoughts as GM struggled to keep up with the fast moving government requirements. Only three bodies were available, a 4-door sedan, 2-door coupe, and station wagon. The Colonnade bodies ran from 1973-1977. It was also during this period that as the muscle car market shriveled, Olds cranked up the Cutlass’ luxury features, which saw production numbers continue to climb. In 1976 it was the bestselling car in America, outselling the bread-and-butter Chevrolet. It would continue this distinction into the 1980s
A major downsize occurred for 1978 on all GM A-bodies which besides the Cutlass included the Chevy Malibu, Buick Century and Regal, and Pontiac LeMans. Besides the more traditional three-box sedans, a “Salon” fastback 2- and 4-door sedan were offered exclusively to both Olds and sister division Buick. Both body styles were sales disasters. The 4-door Salon was dropped after 1979 and the 2-door Salon met the same fate in 1980. By 1982 the Cutlass line became an umbrella for a series of distinctly different lines. A Cutlass Ciera, Cutlass Supreme, and Cutlass Calais were all marketed as distinctly different coupes and sedans in a confusing array of different front-wheel and rear-wheel drive platforms. The Ciera ran from 1982-1996, the Cutlass Supreme A-body from 1980-1988, and front-wheel drive replacement from 1988-1997, and the Cutlass Calais from 1985-1991
1970 F-85 Cutlass
Oldsmobile completely eliminated the 400ci engine as an option. This meant the 350ci engine was the only small block V8 you could get—in 250hp, 310, or 325hp, before jumping to the 455ci big block. The two-speed Jetaway automatic was eliminated. Besides the three- and four-speed manuals, the Turbo-350 automatic was used behind the 350ci engine, with the Turbo-400 shifting behind 455ci big blocks. Hurst debuted their “Dual-Gate” shifter allowing for either automatic shifting by placing it in “Drive” or choosing the manual mode allowing the driver to shift through the gears. A new “Notchback” body style, with a more formal roofline, was introduced. All Cutlass options for the fastback could also be ordered on the notchback. Insurance companies were driving up rates on muscle cars. To keep surcharges down Olds created the “W-45” Rallye 350 Cutlass S, a stripped down yellow-only option that was equipped with the L74 350 V8, fiberglass hood, rear deck spoiler, and other unique items. The controversial aspect was the bumpers were coated in yellow urethane to match the paint, making for the first monochromatic paint scheme on an American car. Olds built 3,547 copies. Some dealers replaced the bumpers with chrome units to help move them off of the lots.
AVAILABLE MODELS:
1970 F-85 Cutlass
- Body Style
- 2-Door Hardtop Coupe
- 2-Door Plain Back Pillar Coupe
- 2-Door Plain Back Hardtop Coupe
- 4-Door Pillar (4-window)
- 4-Door Hardtop (4-window)
- 4-Door Station Wagon
- 2-Door Convertible
- Engine Options
- 250-1bbl cubic inch Straight-6, 155hp
- 350-2bbl cubic inch V8, 250hp
- 350-4bbl cubic inch V8, 310hp
- 340-4bbl cubic inch V8, 325hp
- 455-2bbl cubic inch V8, 310hp
- 455-2bbl cubic inch V8 320hp
- 455-4bbl cubic inch V8 365hp
- 455-4bbl cubic inch V8 370hp
- 455-4bbl cubic inch V8 375hp
- 455-4bbl cubic inch V8 390hp
- 455-4bbl cubic inch V8 400hp
1970 F-85 Cutlass VIN Decoder:
First Character: Manufacturer
Second and Third Characters: Series (Odd number is 6-cylinder, even number is V8)
- 31/32 ~ F-85 Standard
- 35/36 ~ Cutlass S
- 42 ~ Cutlass Supreme
- 44 ~ 442
- 48 ~ Vista Cruiser
Fourth and Fifth Characters: Body Style
- 35 ~ 4-Door Station Wagon
- 37 ~ 2-Door Hardtop Coupe
- 39 ~ 4-Door Hardtop (4-window)
- 47 ~ 2-Door Hardtop Coupe
- 67 ~ 2-Door Convertible
- 69 ~ 4-Door Pillar (4-window)
- 77 ~ 2-Door Back Pillar Coupe
- 87 ~ 2-Door Plain Back Hardtop Coupe
Sixth Character: Year
Seventh Character: Assembly Plant
- M ~ Lansing, Michigan
- D ~ Doraville, Georgia
- X ~ Kansas City, Kansas
- E ~ Linden, New Jersey
- G ~ Framingham, Massachusetts
- C ~ South Gate, California
- Z ~ Fremont, California
Eighth-Thirteenth Characters: Basic Production Numbers
Represent basic production numbers for the 1970 F-85/Cutlass.
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